In ecological terms, what does the term "biodiversity" refer to?

Biodiversity refers to the variety of life in a given ecosystem, encompassing the different species of plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms, as well as the genetic diversity within those species and the ecosystems they form. This term captures the complexity of biological systems and highlights the importance of different forms of life and their interactions. A rich biodiversity is essential for ecosystem resilience, enabling habitats to recover from disturbances, supporting a wider range of ecosystem services like pollination and water purification, and maintaining a balance within ecological networks. The diversity of species and their interactions contributes significantly to the health and stability of ecosystems, making this concept crucial for environmental science and conservation efforts.