Newton's second law of motion is commonly referred to as what?

Newton's second law of motion is indeed referred to as the law of acceleration. This law states that the force acting on an object is equal to the mass of that object multiplied by its acceleration (F = ma). Essentially, this means that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. When a greater force is applied, the object accelerates more. This principle is fundamental in understanding how forces affect the motion of objects, making it a cornerstone in the study of dynamics in physics.

The other choices relate to different concepts in physics: the law of action and reaction refers to Newton's third law, the law of inertia pertains to Newton's first law, and the law of conservation of momentum speaks to a principle that describes the constancy of momentum in an isolated system. Each of these concepts is important, but they represent different aspects of Newton's laws.