What geological phenomenon typically occurs along faults?

The geological phenomenon that typically occurs along faults is earthquakes. Faults are fractures in the Earth's crust where blocks of rock have moved relative to one another. When stress builds up in the rocks along a fault, it can eventually be released in the form of seismic energy, resulting in an earthquake. This sudden release of energy causes the ground to shake and is a direct consequence of the movement along these faults.

While volcanoes can occur near fault lines, they are primarily associated with tectonic plate boundaries or hotspots rather than directly with fault movements. Floods and tsunamis are not related to fault activity; floods are typically caused by excessive rainfall or other water-related phenomena, while tsunamis are generated by underwater earthquakes or volcanic eruptions, rather than being a direct result of the fault movement itself. Thus, earthquakes are the most directly linked geological phenomenon to faults, making this the correct answer.