What is the primary cause of the Earth's seasons?

The primary cause of the Earth's seasons is Earth's axial tilt. The planet is tilted at an angle of approximately 23.5 degrees relative to its orbit around the sun. This tilt causes different parts of the Earth to receive varying amounts of sunlight throughout the year as the Earth revolves around the sun.

During the summer solstice, the North Pole is tilted towards the sun, resulting in longer days and more direct sunlight, leading to warmer temperatures. Conversely, during the winter solstice, the North Pole is tilted away from the sun, leading to shorter days and less direct sunlight, which results in cooler temperatures.

This axial tilt is responsible for the seasonal changes experienced in various regions of the Earth, influencing weather patterns, daylight hours, and the overall climate in different areas throughout the year.