What is the relationship between the pH value and hydrogen ion concentration?

The relationship between pH value and hydrogen ion concentration is defined by the formula pH = -log[H⁺], where [H⁺] represents the concentration of hydrogen ions in moles per liter. In this logarithmic scale, as the concentration of hydrogen ions increases, the pH value decreases. Consequently, a lower pH indicates a higher concentration of hydrogen ions. This concept is fundamental in understanding acidity and basicity in chemistry. For example, a pH of 1 corresponds to a high concentration of hydrogen ions, while a pH of 7 is neutral and reflects a much lower concentration of these ions. Therefore, the statement that a lower pH indicates a higher concentration of hydrogen ions is indeed correct, reinforcing the relationship established by the logarithmic scale used in pH calculations.