What phenomenon is responsible for meteoroids burning up as they enter the Earth's atmosphere?

The phenomenon responsible for meteoroids burning up as they enter the Earth's atmosphere is atmospheric resistance.

When a meteoroid travels through space and enters the Earth’s atmosphere, it encounters air molecules at extremely high speeds. This interaction generates significant friction, leading to the heating of the meteoroid due to the resistance it experiences. The frictional force causes the surface of the meteoroid to heat up rapidly, which often results in it glowing and eventually disintegrating or burning up entirely before it reaches the ground. This process is commonly observed as a meteor or "shooting star."

In contrast, the other phenomena listed are not the primary cause of the intense heating. The greenhouse effect pertains to the trapping of heat in the Earth’s atmosphere, radiation pressure is related to the pressure exerted by light and radiation from the sun, and the magnetic field influences charged particles but does not account for the burning up of meteoroids during atmospheric entry.