What term describes the patterns of weather over long periods of time?

The term that describes the patterns of weather over long periods of time is climate. Climate refers to the average conditions of temperature, humidity, wind, precipitation, and other atmospheric factors in a particular area over extended periods, typically 30 years or more. It encompasses the statistical data of weather events and trends, allowing for the identification of patterns that can be observed over time.

In contrast, weather refers to the short-term conditions of the atmosphere at a specific time and place, which can change from hour to hour. Temperature and precipitation are components of both weather and climate; however, they do not encompass the broader concept of long-term weather patterns. Thus, climate provides a comprehensive understanding of the typical weather patterns experienced in a region over many years.