Where are tropical rainforests typically located?

Tropical rainforests are typically located near the equator due to the warm and humid climate that prevails in these regions. The equator receives consistent sunlight throughout the year, leading to stable temperatures that support the dense and diverse vegetation characteristic of tropical rainforests. This area is also influenced by the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), where trade winds from both hemispheres meet, creating conditions for heavy rainfall. The combination of high temperatures and abundant precipitation fosters an environment where numerous plant and animal species can thrive, resulting in the rich biodiversity found in tropical rainforests.

While the other options may describe different environments, they do not align with the specific climatic and geographical conditions that define tropical rainforests. Near the poles, temperatures are much lower, making it unsuitable for the lush growth of rainforests. Desert regions lack the necessary moisture, and mountainous areas, while they can have biodiversity, do not refer to the specific climatic conditions that characterize tropical rainforests. Thus, the proximity to the equator is fundamental to the existence of these unique ecosystems.